Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine

THE SOLID OIL DEPOSITS AND ITS USING

Introduction and Background. Remediation of the solid organic deposits in the course of petroleum production has been a costly process and it has hampered the production activities in many parts of the world [1].

The solid oil deposits (SOD) are being accumulated, when crude production, transportation of oil and her storage. It SOD containing high-molecular firm hydrocarbon and also the tars, asphaltenes etc. are burn off or store in pit well what result in environmental contamination. The SOD till now by hasn’t the qualified application despite of its lot quantity, which one accumulated during clearing of tanks, petroleum storage and pipelines. Technologies of processing SOD designed on the middle of 20 century have appeared unprofitable of because of complexity of hardware design and many stages (multi-staging).

The main effects by intensity of formation SOD in petroleum storage have also physique-chemical properties and its formation structure of oil. The important role in the given process is played by diurnal and annual temperature variations, order of filling, unloading of oil etc. [2]

At the same time SOD behind the elemental composition comes nearer to ozokerite, and consequently they can widely be used for obtaining unique stuffs, which one received only from ozokerite and natural waxes.

Investigation and Results. With the purpose of their salvaging the fraction, formation hydrocarbon and structural - formation structure is studied, and also is studied physico-chemical indexes. The obtained outcomes compared to analogical indexes of ozokerite (Borislav,Ukraine).

By vacuum distillation SOD and ozokerite is obtained from distillates of close cut fractions and the content of different groups of hydrocarbon is determined as it is shown by table.

With ascending of a boiling temperature of fractions, the contents alkane of frames is augmented, and cyclic alkanes accordingly decreases. The distribution of aromatic frames in fractions has extreme relation. The SOD in distillate of a part with ascending of a boiling temperature of fractions the contents н-cyclic alkanes of hydrocarbon increases, and the fractions from 350 up to 500оС accordingly contain a significant amount of paraffin with melting point from 40 up to 60^оС.

Table

Formation hydrocarbon structure distillate of fractions SOD and ozokerite *

Indexes	Borders of boiling of a fraction, ^оС
Indexes	200-300	300-350	350-400	400-450	450-500
Yield of fraction, %	8,5/2,5	5,0/4,3	4,87,1	5,1/10,4	6,8/14,2
Alkanes - cycloalkanes, %	85/68	80/74	78/79	82/83	87/88
Arenes of I group, %	8/17	10/15	9/10	8/9	7/8
Arenes of II and III groups, %	7/15	8/8	9/9	7/7	6/4
Arenes of IV group and resin, %	0/0	2/3	4/2	3/1	0/0

* numerator – value for SOD, denominator – value for ozokerite

In residual fractions of SOD are contained > 500^оС and ozokerite (yields 69,8 and 61,5% accordingly) such groups of hydrocarbon (%): alkanoic-cycloalkanes -70/64, cycloalkane-arene - 18/21, resin - 12/15*.

The main ozokerite application is obtaining ceresine, which one has too application, as ceresine obtained from oil - by effecting of plastic boiler oils of miscellaneous assigning, component of miscellaneous waxen alloys, as dielectric that by effecting packing materials. An especial field of application of ozokerite usage it in medicine, as by the way applicants, and in a miscellaneous kind bathes and as a medicinal preparation ozokerite known since past century. Large thermal capacity and rather low heat conduction characterize it, and heat-retaining capacity in 3 times is higher, than for muds, and in 1,5 times is higher, than for paraffine. The heat-retaining capacity of ozokerite is specially characteristic at the moment of its transition from a liquid state in firm. At the moment of a phase transformation the plenty of heat due to endothermic process of crystallization is step-by-step excreted. The ozokerite besides thermal operating has a complex valuable biological and physico-chemical features in medicine and also possesses analgesic features. It influences a vegetative nervous system and invokes a vasodilatation. The ozokeritic physiotherapy will use a treatment of various sicknesses. However today ozokerites medical operating is not studied. The chemical and physical particularities of SOD, which one influence treatment of various sicknesses are not established.

Conclusions.We researched the resemblance SOD`s hydrocarbon structure to ozokerite and established its similarity. These and other experimental data [3] confirm possibility of using SOD as a substitute of ozokerite after definite processing. Other relevant conclusion made on the basis of findings of investigation SOD and ozokerite and their confrontation is endorsement that ozokerite have petroleum base. Thus, during travel of oil in pores of rock there was a deposit SOD, which one and are by ozokerite.

The resemblance of an elemental composition SOD and ozokerite is established, the structure and features of firm hydrocarbon distillate and residual parts SOD is studied. The obtained products can use as substitute of ceresine and also is by effecting cable compounds and protective waxes.

References

1. Pacheco-Sanchez, J.H. and Mansoori, G.A. "In Situ remediation of heavy organic deposits using aromatic solvents" Proceedings of the 5th Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference and Exhibition, SPE Paper # 38966, 13p, 1997.

2. Пустогов В.И., Рудакова Н.Я., Тимошина А.В., Кочева И.В., Шилова З.А. Изучение твердых углеродов нефтей и парафиновых отложений Прикарпатья // Известия высших учебных заведенный ”Нефть и газ”. – 1973. - №12. – С.51-55.

3. Хлібишин Ю.Я., Почапська І.Я Дослідження фізико-хімічних властивостей ТНВ та нафт Прикарпатських родовищ // Вісник НУ «Львівська політехніка»: Хімія, технологія речовин та їх застосування. –№ 529. –Львів: 2005. – С. 148-151